o6: how to encourage building a new road traffic culture for children in developing countries
Authors
abstract
road traffic accidents (rta) are one of the most important causes of death and disability all over the world. in developing countries the problem is more complicated. based on the estimation by unicef, rate of rta in iran is 20 times more than world’s average. in iran among all unintentional fatal injuries inflicted on children under five, traffic related fatalities are the leading cause of death. by the year 2020 road crashes will rank ahead of cancer and behind only part disease and depression in times of life years. globally rta is the second leading cause of death for young people aged 5–25 years. there is an international consensus that a combination of public education, law enforcement and changing infrastructures are necessary to reduce the rate of rta and its detrimental effects. public education is cost effective and should be performed in setting of schools; media, community centers, ngos and especially religious gatherings as these ceremonies has considerable impact in culture and behavior in developing countries. in addition, the education should be included road safety officers, institutions, children and parents, sponsors and government and police. law enforcement seems not to be cost effective and can be achieved by reinforcing and/or aversiveness in association with persuasion and punishment. monitoring using police officers and modern systems of road control such as traffic cameras are necessary to ensure respecting the laws. although changing infrastructures imposes a high financial burden on the society in short-term, but it will be a cost effective approach in long-term evaluation. measures to improve road design and infrastructure include separating different types of traffic, providing safer road for pedestrians and cyclists, building pavements and recognizable crossing structures for pedestrians, reducing traffic speeds by constructing speed bumps, rumble strips and roundabouts.
similar resources
O6: How to Encourage Building a New Road Traffic Culture for Children in Developing Countries
Road traffic accidents (RTA) are one of the most important causes of death and disability all over the world. In developing countries the problem is more complicated. Based on the estimation by UNICEF, rate of RTA in Iran is 20 times more than world’s average. In Iran among all unintentional fatal injuries inflicted on children under five, traffic related fatalities are the leading cause ...
full textRoad Traffic Accidents in Developing Countries
7 Acknowledgements: This report would not have been possible without the kind cooperation of the people met and contacted during the course of this review. We wish in particular to thank the following: ? Dr Krug and Ms Peden of the WHO for the warm welcome we received when we visited them in Geneva ? Pr Adnan A Hyder of the Global Forum for Health Research, Mr Bernes of the GRSP, Ms Nicole Muhl...
full text[Road traffic injuries in developing countries: research and action agenda].
Road traffic injury (RTI) is the leading cause of death in persons aged 10-24 worldwide and accounts for about 15% of all male deaths. The burden of RTI is unevenly distributed amongst countries with over eighty-fold differences between the highest and lowest death rates. Thus the unequal risk of RTI occurring in the developing world, due to many reasons, including but not limited to rapid moto...
full texta new approach to credibility premium for zero-inflated poisson models for panel data
هدف اصلی از این تحقیق به دست آوردن و مقایسه حق بیمه باورمندی در مدل های شمارشی گزارش نشده برای داده های طولی می باشد. در این تحقیق حق بیمه های پبش گویی بر اساس توابع ضرر مربع خطا و نمایی محاسبه شده و با هم مقایسه می شود. تمایل به گرفتن پاداش و جایزه یکی از دلایل مهم برای گزارش ندادن تصادفات می باشد و افراد برای استفاده از تخفیف اغلب از گزارش تصادفات با هزینه پائین خودداری می کنند، در این تحقیق ...
15 صفحه اولA neuro-fuzzy approach to vehicular traffic flow prediction for a metropolis in a developing country
Short-term prediction of traffic flow is central to alleviating congestion and controlling the negative impacts of environmental pollution resulting from vehicle emissions on both inter- and intra-urban highways. The strong need to monitor and control congestion time and costs for metropolis in developing countries has therefore motivated the current study. This paper establishes the applicatio...
full textMy Resources
Save resource for easier access later
Journal title:
مجله علوم اعصاب شفای خاتمجلد ۳، شماره ۴، صفحات ۶-۶
Keywords
Hosted on Doprax cloud platform doprax.com
copyright © 2015-2023